Was bedeutet Change Management im Projektmanagement?

Was bedeutet Change Management im Projektmanagement?

Beim Projektmanagement ist alles eine Änderung, das Auswirkungen auf Projekte, Aufgaben, Prozesse, Strukturen oder Arbeitsaufgaben hat. Deshalb bezieht sich das Change Management auf die Tools und Prozesse, die Sie zur Bewältigung von Änderungen in Ihrem Projekt oder Projektteam einsetzen. Meistens geht es dabei darum, durch die Leitung des Teams dafür zu sorgen, dass es seine Arbeit erfolgreich an Änderungen anpasst, um die allgemeinen Projektziele zu erreichen.

Types of change management

There are many different ways to categorize change management in an organization. However, it is generally understood that there are four main types, which can be adapted to suit varying areas of project management.

These are:

1. Anticipatory: This involves planning changes in advance of an expected situation. Once the project manager affirms the likelihood or even inevitability of such an occurrence, they can set plans in place for when it arises. An example could be a change management plan for when a senior employee hands in their notice.
2. Reactive: A reactive approach is used when an unforeseen event occurs. This type of change management is often employed in crisis situations, where there is little time to plan, and the project manager must think on their feet. Reactive change management is not ideal but often necessary.
3. Incremental: This refers to introducing gradual changes over a prolonged period, such as the ongoing addition of new features to an existing app. As these alterations are small, they are unlikely to cause any upheaval in the overall project. Incremental changes are closely linked to scope creep in project management. 
4. Strategic: These changes are much larger and can affect the overall direction of an organization. A strategic shift in project management could involve implementing brand-new technology, requiring a rewrite of the original project plan.